Singapore GST Calculator

Zero-rated (0% GST) supplies in Singapore include:

• Exports of goods from Singapore
• International services — including freight, logistics, and telecommunications
• International passenger transport
• Supplies to overseas customers where qualifying conditions are met
• Sale of goods stored in Free Trade Zones

For zero-rated supplies, no GST is charged but the supplier can still claim input tax credits on related business purchases — the same treatment as standard-rated supplies for input tax purposes.

Exempt supplies in Singapore include:

• Most financial services — loans, insurance, securities trading, life insurance
• Sale and lease of residential properties
• Investment Precious Metals (IPM) — qualifying gold, silver, and platinum bars and coins
• Digital payment tokens — exempt since 1 January 2020 (covers cryptocurrency exchanges and payments)

Unlike zero-rated supplies, input tax on exempt supplies cannot be claimed. Businesses making both taxable and exempt supplies must apply partial exemption rules to determine recoverable input tax.

Both result in no GST being charged to the customer, but they have different consequences for the supplier:

• Zero-rated (e.g. exports, international services): no GST on the sale, but the supplier can claim input tax credits on related business expenses.
• Exempt (e.g. financial services, residential property): no GST on the sale, and the supplier cannot claim input tax credits on related expenses.

Out-of-scope supplies are a third category — they sit entirely outside the GST system (e.g. goods shipped from a non-Singapore location to another non-Singapore location) and are not reported in GST returns.

Treatment depends on the type of property and transaction:

• Sale and lease of residential property: exempt — no GST is charged, no input tax credits available
• Sale and lease of commercial property: standard-rated at 9% if the seller or landlord is GST-registered
• Furniture, fittings and white goods supplied with residential property: may be standard-rated separately

Mixed-use properties (e.g. shophouses with residential upstairs and commercial ground floor) must apportion the supply between exempt and standard-rated components.

The standard accounting period for most GST-registered businesses is quarterly. The GST F5 return and any payment are due 1 month after the end of the prescribed accounting period.

• Quarterly: default for most businesses
• Monthly: available by election (commonly used by exporters who are regularly in a refund position)
• Annual: available only to a limited group of approved businesses

Returns and payments must be submitted electronically via the myTax Portal. Specific accounting periods are assigned by IRAS at registration and may not align with calendar quarters.

For a calendar-aligned filer, the standard quarterly GST F5 due dates are:

• Q1 (Jan – Mar): due 30 April
• Q2 (Apr – Jun): due 31 July
• Q3 (Jul – Sep): due 31 October
• Q4 (Oct – Dec): due 31 January

These dates apply to a calendar-quarter filer. Many businesses are assigned non-calendar accounting periods at registration — the rule is the return is due 1 month after the end of the assigned period. A nil return must be filed even if there were no transactions in the period.

If a GST F5 return is not submitted by the due date:

• An immediate SGD 200 late submission penalty is imposed
• An additional SGD 200 is added for every completed month the return remains outstanding
• Capped at SGD 10,000 per return

If returns remain outstanding, IRAS may issue an estimated Notice of Assessment (NOA) and pursue recovery, including bank account garnishment and Travel Restriction Orders against sole proprietors and partners. Continued non-compliance may result in court summons and fines of up to SGD 5,000 per offence on conviction.

If GST is not paid by the due date:

• An immediate 5% late payment penalty is imposed on the unpaid tax
• If tax remains unpaid 60 days after the 5% penalty, an additional 2% per completed month is added
• Capped at 50% of the unpaid tax

Interest and recovery actions also apply. IRAS may appoint agents (such as banks or tenants) to recover the overdue tax directly. Repeated non-compliance can lead to GST registration being cancelled and prosecution.

Yes. Businesses below the SGD 1 million threshold can apply for voluntary registration. Common reasons include claiming input tax credits on business purchases, lending credibility when dealing with GST-registered B2B customers, and preparing systems before mandatory registration.

Voluntary registrants must:

• Remain GST-registered for at least 2 years before deregistering
• Comply with all filing and record-keeping obligations
• Be on GIRO for GST payments and refunds
• From 1 April 2026, all new voluntary registrants must transmit invoice data via the InvoiceNow network using IRAS-recognised accounting software

A GST-registered supplier must issue a tax invoice when making a standard-rated supply to another GST-registered customer. The tax invoice supports the customer's input tax claim.

• Issue within 30 days from the time of supply
• For sales to non-GST-registered customers (e.g. retail consumers), a receipt may be issued instead
• For zero-rated supplies, a tax invoice is optional — if issued, it must indicate GST is charged at 0%

A standard tax invoice must include:

• The words "Tax Invoice" displayed prominently
• An identifying invoice number
• Date of issue
• Supplier's name, address and GST registration number
• Customer's name and address
• Description of the goods or services supplied
• For each item: quantity, GST-exclusive value, and GST amount
• Total amount payable including GST
• Statement showing GST charged or "Total includes GST"

For supplies of SGD 1,000 or less (including GST), a simplified tax invoice may be issued with a reduced set of fields — supplier details, invoice number, date, description, and total amount payable including GST.

Input tax credits can be claimed if all of the following apply:

• Business is GST-registered
• Purchase is for business use (not personal or for exempt supplies)
• Goods or services are used to make taxable supplies
• A valid tax invoice or simplified tax invoice is held
• The claim is made within 5 years from the end of the relevant accounting period

Disallowed input tax categories include club subscriptions, motor cars and related running costs (with exceptions for qualifying vehicles), medical insurance for employees, and benefits provided to family members of employees.

GST-registered businesses must retain all GST-related records for at least 5 years to support GST declarations and input tax claims, including:

• Tax invoices and simplified tax invoices issued and received
• Receipts, debit notes and credit notes
• Import and export documents (e.g. bill of lading, export permits)
• Bank statements, ledgers, sales and purchase listings
• Stock lists at the end of each accounting period

Records can be kept in physical or electronic form. Without sufficient supporting documents, IRAS may disallow input tax claims, and businesses may need to account for output tax on supplies they cannot prove were exported or zero-rated.